Time Management Essay Research Paper Things that free essay sample

Time Management Essay, Research Paper Thingss that issue most should neer be at the mercy of thing that undertaking least. We, as human presences, permit this go on much exorbitantly every now and again. Huge numbers of us blow our clasp on things that are neither of import nor fundamental, on the other hand of using that cut for thing of that are significant. Time heading is non only how to secure progressively out of you re cut, however how to go a superior person. Time is an extremely troublesome thing to pull off, on the grounds that we can neither see it or experience it until its has passed. Before we can pull off our clasp we should cognize accurately what clasp is. The word reference portrays it as, the continuation of one s life ; the hours and yearss which an individual has available to him. How we discard that clasp is cut heading. It s the way we spend our clasp to shape and put to death around our priorities. We will compose a custom exposition test on Time Management Essay Research Paper Things that or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Recollect just on the grounds that clasp is elusive doesn T imply that it is non significant. I need to learn you about the foundation of clasp heading, the various habits and how to use them, and how it will adjust your life. Foundation Time bearing today is non as it was in the days of old. It has developed with cut. Stephen R. Brood places cut course into four coevalss. He feels it has developed a similar way society has. Every coevals develops on the one preceding it. For representation, the agribusiness upheaval was trailed by the mechanical unrest, which was so trailed by the enlightening transformation. The primary moving edge or coevals is essentially notes and agenda. Which really just recognizes the requests set on our clasp and vitality. Schedules and arrangement books qualify the second coevals. This mirrors a push to glance in front. The third coevals is current clasp heading field. It s the last two coevalss with the contemplations of prioritization, clear uping qualities, and looking at the value of exercises. It other than incorporates the idea of doing a particular program to help through finishes and exercises that we resolved to be of significant worth. Since this all might be unnecessarily abridgi ng for individuals they go to the old coevalss to proceed with connections, and immediacy. Also, the last coevals, which is simply get bringing down to rise, is an alternate sort of clasp heading. The test is non to pull off clasp, yet to pull off ourselves. The coevals centers around connections and results. Time heading is everlastingly changing. We each observe it in our ain way. It has been utilized since the beginning of clasp and will just better. Because there has been movement doesn T imply that we have advanced with it. Habits and How To Use Them There are various sorts of clasp course, some are less difficult and some are progressively mind boggling, however all are utile. We should each happen a way that we re perfect with and execute it into our lives. Regardless of whether the way you pick is non the most solid one, you should use it unremarkable to help better draw off your clasp. Before you start to pull off your clasp you should perceive that it is non a short-run undertaking, however a long lasting committedness. Geting and Staying Organized This is a framework that s expectation is to rescue you a couple of hours a twenty-four hours by demoing you how to shape. The finish of this way of clasp heading is to gain sorted out with the goal that you can change over clasp that you ve squandered during an ordinary twenty-four hours into cut that can be utilized all the more speedily and effectually. This way of clasp bearing is coordinated on worry when all is said in done, yet I feel it can at present be applied to each twenty-four hours life. It gives us straightforward simple to cause tips on how we to can go sorted out. The principal tip is to separate the things that are significance from the things that are non. At that point discard what s non of import. Following tip is to taken care of the of import material that it should be finished by making a maestro list. A maestro list is the develop of forming everything down in a methodical, exacting way, with the goal that you can improve a control of staying in control. Anot her tip is to form everything down on paper. The finishing up behind this is on the grounds that you are spared from holding to recover tonss of data, you ll hold additionally learning capacity for a greater amount of import things. This framework appears to focus on the short-run and is genuinely essential. It might work useful for individuals who like to take things one measure at a clasp. Day by day Planner For mature ages individuals have kept way of gatherings, assignments, incomplete work by using an everyday contriver. The everyday contriver may hold numerous monikers, for example, Day Runners and Filofaxes, yet whatever you call it is a productiveness improvement device. It causes us put our priorities, shape and be after our since quite a while ago run endeavors, keep up way of our outstanding burden, and set new finishes. Other than they can be utilized to write down notes, reminders, considerations and thoughts. It is as often as possible utilized as a list for phone Numberss, and addresses. This book keeps way of our everyday life and causes us keep up our carries on with all together. The incredible thing about an everyday contriver is that it very well may be utilized for your own life each piece great as concern life across the board. This clasp bearing instrument is functional and easy to use for everybody. Figure out how To Communicate This way to by ready to talk and tune in a proficient and strong undertaking. On the off chance that we can better our capacity to pass on and obtain the data we need, so we can pass less clasp in meeting or clarifying, and more clasp on a greater amount of import things. Here is a portion of the proposals Jeffrey Mayer made in this book, Time Management for Dummies, about pass oning. Ask requests that are on the right track direct and straightforward. On the off chance that you wear t secure something come straight out and ask, wear t round around the bush. Tune in to others to more readily comprehend the way they ponder the subject. You can larn a cluster about an individual just by tuning in. On the off chance that they ask a request during this clasp answer it quickly thus ask them another request. Abstain from inquisitive close-finished requests that will take to a yes or no answer. When you have gotten the data paraphrasis or summarize it. This will help you comprehend and reco ver it better. Tell the transmitter you re tuning in. That way they feel that they re getting through to you. I feel that since we spend such a large amount of our clasp with others, larning to collaborate with them better is a truly savvy and legitimate idea that will rescue us cut in the terminal. Be Super-Prepared Bing super-readied is to expect each piece much as conceivable what will occur in the great beyond and be set up to oversee it. Another way of seting this is being proactive ( amazingly pg.75 ) . You are assuming responsibility for the situation at manus. You are non permitting things that you have no influence over have command over you. For representation, you wake up to a snowstorm and your auto won t start yet you need to venture out to work. You either permit that stop you or you can assume responsibility for that situation. In the event that you were readied in light of the fact that you checked the conditions channel the twenty-four hours before you may hold connected your auto or woken up before to get the mentor. You ought to ever be set up for anything. By taking clasp to get readied you will plug up rescuing more clasp in the long count. This is a reasonable and simple way to rescue cut. Put First Things First This way or arrangement of clasp heading is one that I ve as of now referenced. It is the fourth of the coevalss, which Stephen R. Group calls Put First Things First. This is, I feel the best way of clasp bearing since it so rich. What it attempts to make is equilibrate the creation ( of wanted results ) over the creation capacity, or P/PC Balance. You do this by organizing your exercises with the goal that you can obtain the of import thing done. Viability lies in this equalization. Exorbitant power on P and you exhaust the Personal PC. For representation on the off chance that you remain up entirely dim breaking down and taking a shot at finishing up endeavors ordinarily for hebdomads on terminal, you ll plug up discharging your inner self out. Perhaps even plug up more terrible than when you began, in light of the fact that you re exorbitantly attempted to tune in class or even to focus on a preliminary. In the event that you place exorbitantly much power on the Personal PC you ll neer get P at its cleanser. For representation, individual who is perpetually applying to search better for other people, however he neer has clasp to go out on the grounds that the free clasp he holds he uses to exercise. He s non run intoing his pined for results. An outline of the P/PC Balance is procure acceptable classs in school ( the Production ) and paying the money related an incentive to secure a guidance ( the Production Capability ) , which offers us the chance to gain those classs with the goal that we can obtain an evaluation. It is extremely difficult to pass judgment on the parity of the two. The extraordinary thing about the P/PC Balance is that it offsets the since quite a while ago run with the short-run. That is the main aspect of this way of clasp course. Distinguishing what should be done to be strong. The accompanying measure is ascertaining out how to run into those requests. How would we pull off out clasp with the goal that we can secure things done most viably? Bunch considers it the Time Management Matrix. Figure 1.1 Time Management Matrix It catches the crucial point of convergence of this coevals of clasp course. It encourages us place how we spend our clasp. There is in a general sense four different ways we spend cut. The two factors that characterize our exercises are squeezing and of import. Squeezing implies it must be finished. These things follow up on us, and are anything but difficult to put. A large number of the squeezing things are un

The Shame of Family Films

The Shame of Family Films In the article â€Å"The Shame of Family Films† the writer, Julia Baird, talks about how there is an absence of female champions or female principle characters in children’s motion pictures. She at that point proceeds to portray an investigation done by Stacy Smith and Marc Choueiti at the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California, who broke down 122 family films, including the fifty top-netting ones during the years 2006 to 2009, extending from G to PG-13. In the investigation they found that 29. 2 percent of the characters were female.They likewise discovered that one out of four characters were depicted â€Å"sexy, tight, or charming attire†, which was contrasted with one of every twenty-five male characters. The creator at that point went on examine what number of ladies were found behind all these children’s films. She alluded to an investigation called The Annenburg Study that was authorized by Geena Davis Institute and it found that the level of artists who were female, the level of ladies who structure swarm scenes in family films, and the level of female storytellers were each of the seventeen percent. Related article: Shame is Worth a Try SummaryThis article made me recollect the motion pictures I looked as a youngster and I understood that a ton of those films were likewise chauvinist. A significant number of the motion pictures were and are made with conventional sexual orientation jobs set in them. They depicted a weak fundamental female character that was spared by a solid male character or a principle character was a solid disapproved of male who was helped by a female sidekick. I concur with Baird that there is an absence of courageous women in children’s motion pictures. Numerous youngsters may keep on following the customary sex jobs in light of the motion pictures they watch.Boys will believe that they are assume to be solid, incredible, and canny and the young ladies will imagine that they must be frail and that regardless of whether they are solid and have power, a male will consistently have more force. I might want to see progressively female characters in chil dren’s motion pictures not submitting to the customary sexual orientation jobs since I figure young ladies should realize that they can give young men a run for their cash with regards to getting solid and amazing. I grew up with the customary sexual orientation jobs and I loathed that I had to.I didn’t like when my siblings and I would play â€Å"doctor’s office† or â€Å"school†, I must be the attendant or instructor when they had the option to be the specialist or head. It caused me to feel like I was second best contrasted with them and I don’t figure any young lady should feel the manner in which I used to feel. Each kid should feel like they can turn into whatever the person in question needs and ought not restrict themselves due to the sex jobs many are educated as a kid. Reference: http://www. newsweek. com/2010/09/22/why-family-films-are-so-chauvinist. html

Cellular Metabolism in Yeast essays

Cell Metabolism in Yeast expositions The yeast Saccromyces cerevisae was set in two distinct arrangements of test tubes alongside glucose and MgSO4 or NaF to test the impacts of the MgSO4 and NaF on yeast cell digestion. A third arrangement of test tubes was utilized as a control. The outcomes show that there is anything but a critical contrast between any of the three gatherings, yet a trial mistake may have caused these discoveries. Yeasts are unicellular individuals from the Kingdom Fungi that can mature sugar and produce ethanol. This specific examination manages Saccharomyces cerevisttae, a sort of yeast that imitates agamically by growing (Stanford). Yeast makes due on oxygen, so it is an aerobe. It additionally has the astounding capacity of adjusting to oxygen-less situations and getting by as an anaerobe (Cofalec). Digestion is the biochemical osmosis and dissimilation of supplements by a cell (Munich). Redox responses structure new cell material and produce vitality. The various responses can be partitioned into anabolism and catabolism (Gamboa). Utilizing the important gear, yeast can be processed and concentrated in the lab. This investigation manages the impacts of MgSO4 and NaF on anaerobic breath in Saccharomyces cerevisttae. We estimate that we will get factually huge contrasts in our exploratory gatherings when we contrast them with the control. We acquired and deliberately cleaned nine test tubes, put them into a test tube rack, at that point poured 8 ml of 1.0 M glucose into every one of them. In the three control test tubes, we included 8 ml deionized water. From that point onward, we shook and included 8 ml of a yeast suspension into all test tubes. Utilizing a smoke hood, we added 8 ml 0.01M MgSO4 to three test tubes that didn't have the deionized water in them. 8 ml of 0.1M NaF were added to the last three test tubes. We put rearranged vials over each test tube at that point altered every framework. Utilizing an oil pencil, we denoted the liquid's meniscus on each cylinder th ... <!

UAE after Islam an Example by

UAE after Islam One of the primary highlights of United Arab Emirates is its ownership of an extremely key area which encourages its exchange and business. Inside the nation, the individuals are occupied with a few occupations, for example, exchanging, transportation, angling and chasing. This a significant piece of their common life which, beside specific turns of events, stayed more and less as similar occupations the individuals in the nation are locked in with as the years progressed. In any case, dissimilar to occupation which remained generally stable as the years progressed, there is a significant part of UAEs culture that experienced radical changes through time. This is in the territory of religion. Such changes might be partitioned between UAE before Islam and UAE under Islamic religion. Need exposition test on UAE after Islam theme? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue Indeed, even before the appearance of Islam, the individuals in UAE have a created religion. It might be what individuals at present consider as crude, however it is in any case a created and composed religion. They have a god as a snake. A sanctuary is worked for the love. This is a decent proof of the level of human progress of these snake admirers as respects their religion. They had the option to make a hallowed area where love of their divinity will be performed. Additionally, the presence such sanctuary infers the presence of built up rituals, customs and conventions of a strict sort that are seen by them. Sanctuaries are likewise normally used to impart to the god, in this manner inferring some type of supplication technique among the individuals. Beside the sanctuary and love, they likewise have other built up standards and conventions, for example, in entombments. This carries us to the second degree of investigation, which is the assessment of the status of UAE after the appearance Islam. Islam supplanted the old religion rehearsed by individuals in UAE. It was encouraged by one of the significant highlights that have portrayed UAE for an exceptionally lengthy timespan, its preferences as respects exchange and trade. Around then, the Gulf, wherein UAE is a piece of, got one of the significant business places just as the business of the boats. This encouraged the spreading of Islam through the assistance of Gulf shippers. The teaching of Muslim confidence is portrayed not by a tranquil incorporation of individuals to the religion. Rather, the introduction of Islam in the nation is encouraged by blood and misfortune. The way to Islam that UAE and different nations in the district needed to follow was cleared with fights and triumphs. Indeed, even from the earliest starting point, Islam was first brought inside the nation by Amer receptacle el Aass by battling all the trespassers from the locale of Arabian Gulf after the demise of prophet Mohammed (PBUH). In the Gulf, this was trailed by different fights, some of which are described by triumphs, the others, by misfortunes. Instances of the triumphs incorporate the triumph of the Ottoman ruler, Mohammed Al-Fatih (the Conqueror) to victory Constantinople, while instances of the misfortunes remember the finish of the realm of Granada for Andalusia in 1492 and end of the Arabian marine power over the Arabian Gulf, Oman Sea, and a piece of the Indian Ocean d uring the fifteenth Century. A significant number of these fights brought about numerous passings and incredible loss of properties. Among the foes against whom the need to guard emerged were Portugal, Holland, France, and Britain. The political atmosphere after the presentation of Islam was likewise influenced by the development of partnerships and ancestral associations that are frequently shaped by administering families. Additionally, the strategies of government and individuals have changed. One significant result of the improvements in the Arab area, including UAE, is their consequences for the issues individuals hold dear. Progress and freedom have become significant calls for Arab residents and consideration was given to the craving to accomplish current training, social modernisation and media receptiveness. The Arab improvement, particularly after Islam, effectsly affects its various parts. A significant conversation as respects these impacts will be the advancement of Dubai Emirates, which is an essential piece of United Arab Emirates. It is considered as the primary part of the Gulf and like UAE, has accomplished an extensive situation in exchange because of its key area. It has likewise become a primary exchanging the Gulf owing mostly to the accomplishment of its pearl-production business. Be that as it may, as talked about above, UAE has become observer to the intersection of societies because of its key area alongside waterways utilized for exchange and transportation, thus have its parts. The outcome is the blending of expressions of the human experience and culture of its parts, including the Dubai Emirates in this manner losing their differentiation among one another. Reference David C King 'Joined Arab Emirates' New York : Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2008. King ibn Muhammad al-Qasimi, Ruler of ShaI riqah'Selected discourses' Sharjah, United Arab Emirates : Al Qasimi Publications, 2016.

Goodyear: Aquatred

It is 1992 and Goodyear is intending to discharge its new tire the Aquatred. The new tire is an exceptional tire which reroutes water away from the principle track causing it to have predominant footing in wet conditions. With the dispatch of this tire coming up Goodyear has a few difficulties they have to make sense of, where would it be a good idea for them to value the Aquatred? Which kind of circulation model would it be a good idea for them to utilize? To make sense of this we will initially need to talk about the current market and methods of dissemination. The tire market can be portioned in three different ways. The principal route is by tire, either by execution or expansive line tires. Execution tires were progressively costly however gave the shopper more footing and control. Another portion was by either OEM or substitution tires. OEM tires are those which are incorporated when another vehicle was bought and a traveler substitution tire are those which are purchased after introductory tires are exhausted. The last portion was by significant brand which was about 36% of the market, littler brand which had 24% or by a private name which held a 40% offer. Goodyear was a significant brand and made about 65% of its incomes off of substitution tire deals, with the rest originating from OEM deals. The US substitution tire advertise in 1991 represented 8. 6 billion dollars. The Aquatred tire is to be propelled in the substitution showcase since it would take a couple of years to build up an agreement for OEM deals. This would be excessively long of a hold up in light of the fact that contenders had their own renditions of the Aquatred because of discharge at some point inside starting 1993. Substitution tires were dispersed to buyers through an assortment of ways. One way was the point at which the tire maker offered direct to enormous chains and wholesalers who exchanged the tires at retail, vehicle vendors and other auxiliary outlets; this represented 40% of Goodyear’s deals. Another 10% of deals were offered to enormous chains and wholesalers who offered uniquely to auxiliary outlets and didn't sell retail. The remainder of Goodyear’s deals were from retail outlets which made up half of substitution tire deals. Conventional retail outlets for substitution tires comprised of six unique channels: Garage/administration stations †offers auto administrations, sold both private and brand name tires, deals have been in decrease as of late because of lower cost higher volume outlets. Little free tire vendors †have a couple of areas where they sell and introduce tires while likewise offering auto administrations. Offer an assortment of brands however make the most income off of private names Manufacturer-possessed outlets †claimed and worked by tire makers, offered one brand of tire and performed auto administrations. Distribution center clubs †low cost with constrained tire brand offering, didn't offer auto benefits simply tire establishments. Mass merchandisers †retail chains which sell tires just as other auto stock. Conveyed various brands and offered auto administrations. Huge tire chains †as a rule had 30 †100 outlets inside one geographic area, conveyed many significant brands and private name tires, they were low cost †high volume outlets. Goodyear didn't circulate its tires through these retail choices. They just conveyed their tires through free vendors, producer claimed outlets and legitimately to government organizations. Their immediate rivalry Michelin sold its tires fundamentally through huge chain vendors and distribution center clubs. The little free sellers represented half of Goodyear substitution tire deals incomes while producer claimed outlets represented about 30%. There were 4400 little free sellers which conveyed the Goodyear brand, anyway just 2500 of these vendors were viewed as dynamic by Goodyear which was uniquely about 57%. To be viewed as dynamic a little vendor must produce steady degrees of deals, keep up significant Goodyear retail shows and offer the full line of Goodyear tires. A motivation behind why just 57% of little free vendors were dynamic is on the grounds that a large number of them were miserable about how Goodyear possessed around 1300 producer outlets all through the nation. This gave a portion of the little free vendors a disincentive to push Goodyear items. We can say this in light of the fact that the edges that little autonomous vendors arrived at the midpoint of 28% on Goodyear tires, 25% for other significant brands and about 20% for private mark tires. Another motivation behind why little free sellers were unsatisfied was on the grounds that wholesalers and huge chain stores would at times procure Goodyear tires and afterward promote Goodyear stock in any event, when they didn't have any in stock. They would then sell the purchaser another tire, this strategy was known as the sleight of hand and it discovered Sears on an inappropriate finish of two claims from Goodyear. Despite the fact that the edges for tires for autonomous sellers were at an entirely sensible level they inferred practically 50% of their incomes from auto administrations, for example, oil changes, tire revolutions and minor motor work. This was on the grounds that buyers purchasing tires frequently alluded to it as resentment buy. The â€Å"average price† of a Goodyear tire in a little free vendor was about $75 per tire. Be that as it may, Goodyear and the whole business found that its deals were a lot higher during limited time periods. This prompted the over advancement of tires and now has left the customers expecting a type of arrangement when tires are bought. Huge numbers of these advancements were regularly something like purchase three tires and the fourth is free. For this situation that implies that 4 tires were truly being sold for about $56 ($225/4 tires) contrasted with the $75 normal. This kind of showcasing structure prompted the desire by customers that they ought to get it on the tires that they buy. Another deal strategy which offered tires to the customers was a producer ensure, which would regularly ensure the life of the tire somewhere in the range of 60,000 and 80,000 miles. This caused customers to feel just as they were getting a quality tire at a sensible value, which looking back pushed the autonomous vendors to sell a greater amount of the cheap tires that accompanied the maker ensures. The Goodyear Aquatred tire would have been discharged in 1992, and Goodyear had to realize how to value it and which channels to convey it through. The Aquatred tire was to be situated at the highest point of the line expansive line fragment. This was on the grounds that the Aquatred separated itself by having the â€Å"Aquachannel† which was a profound woods down the center of the tire and directed the water out from underneath it to abstain from hydroplaning. At the point when tried in wet conditions this tire halted vehicles going at 55 miles for each hour an entire two vehicle lengths shorter than its all season tire rivalry. Goodyear was asserting that when the Aquatred was half worn it was still as viable as a fresh out of the box new all season tire. The Aquatred tire was to be discharged with a Goodyear 60,000 mile ensure. Goodyear’s recommended retail cost of the Aquatred was $89. 95 for a dark sidewall and $93. 95 with a white sidewall. Examination †Where conveyance lays right now for Goodyear, for the most part little free sellers and producer outlets, it would be inside their eventual benefits to bring down the cost of the Aquatred tire. I realize this is an exceptional tire, yet at the present retail costs that Goodyear is recommending they would be situating themselves out of their commercial center. Their evaluating of the Aquatred tire is about $35 ($56 contrasted with $90) higher than a tire with a comparative mileage guarantee. I would bring down the cost of the Aquatred to some place in the $80 †$87 territory so when there was an advancement it would reflect $60 †$65 territory. This would show the buyer that the additional cash is for the nature of the tire and for the improved wellbeing of the travelers. Another key idea would to by no means offer to wholesalers and huge chains, this pattern is proceeding to destroy their center channel of dispersion (little autonomous vendors). Something else I would do is make the maker outlets stock just the full lines of Goodyear at their stores when there weren’t any little free sellers inside the locale. Else, I would utilize the producer outlets to sell a greater amount of the Goodyear specialty items to do whatever it takes not to straightforwardly rival the close by little free vendors. Another way I would attempt to please Goodyear’s little autonomous vendors is have the maker outlet’s retail costs be higher yet at the same time serious with them. I accept that this strategy will raise the measure of dynamic autonomous sellers for Goodyear up from a humble 57%. To help the deals of the free vendors I would run a publicizing effort that accentuated the security of the Aquatred in unforgiving conditions. With the primary goal of the promotion saying something like ‘isn’t your family’s upgraded security worth an extra $20? ’ I would likewise submit more promotions toward the southern portion of the US where there would be no requirement for all season tires, and even more a business opportunity for the Aquatred. I would even now promote in the north of the nation, there is simply more incentive in the south because of the absence of day off. These are my proposals for Goodyear.

Understanding the Scarcity Principle in Marketing

Understanding the Scarcity Principle in Marketing If you have ever sat in an introductory economics class at some point in your life, you might be well aware of one key lesson on the law of supply and demand.It can be roughly simplified down to this; the more scarce a resource is, the more people are willing to give up in order to acquire it and the more common a resource it the less people will be willing to give up to acquire it.Land, an important factor of production will fetch much more money if the piece is located at the centre of the city than land in the countryside.But you would most definitely not go out of your way to pay double for a Starbucks coffee on an ordinary afternoon because you can easily get a similar coffee at any of the several Starbucks within your city, unless of course it’s one of those Christmas holiday Frappuccino specials.When massive diamond deposits were discovered in South Africa in the late 19th Century, British businessmen operating the mines, realising the imminent flooding of the market with di amonds devised one of the most successful marketing campaigns of all times.De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. (now De Beers) was formed and over the decades leading to the campaign in the late 1930s, monopolised the global production and distribution of the semi-precious gem perpetuating the illusion of scarcity of diamonds.The ‘A Diamond is Forever’ campaign created an emotional association with the gem â€" a symbol of love, commitment and marriage.Ever since the demand for diamond engagement rings has been steady despite their relatively low resale value, fuelled by the enduring deception of scarcity.The number of diamonds in circulation in the world market at any given time is carefully controlled by a few companies.This is arguably one of the perfect examples of the scarcity principle at play.WHAT IS THE SCARCITY PRINCIPLE? The scarcity principle is an economic theory where a limited supply of a product combined with a high demand for that product causes a disparity in the des ired equilibrium between supply and demand.A market is in equilibrium if the quantity supplied is equal to the quantity demanded at the equilibrium price or what is called the market clearing price (determined primarily by the interplay between demand and supply creating in theory a mutually agreeable price between buyers and sellers).At this point there are neither shortages nor surpluses for a service or good.However, an equilibrium market is largely hypothetical.According to economist John Maynard Keynes, markets are most often in some form of disequilibrium due to mismatched levels of supply and demand.A number of internal and/or external factors can cause the market to fall out of balance such as sticky prices by sellers, long-term structural discrepancies or government interventions.Looking at the graph for the sugar market above, price Pe (equilibrium price) is the single price that incentivizes suppliers to engage in exchange representing a balance between supply and demand for sugar.If the price increases to P2, traders will be willing to supply more sugar but consumers may reduce the amount of sugar they consume due to the higher cost of purchase involved.There will be a surplus (Q2-Q1) existing in the market due to higher amount of sugar supplied causing a market disequilibrium.Economic theory suggests that in a free market the prices of sugar will eventually fall to Pe since suppliers will be forced to reduce the price to avoid the risk of spoiling the product in storage.But if the price in the market was P1, consumers would be willing to purchase more sugar (Q2) at the reduced price.However, since the price is below the equilibrium price, traders will only provide a smaller amount of sugar given that low price might not be able to cover their production costs.A shortage is created since demand exceeds the quantity supplied resulting in a market disequilibrium. In a free market the price is expected to increase to Pe, the equilibrium price forced b y scarcity.The scarcity principle suggests that the price of a scarce commodity will increase until an equilibrium is reached between supply and demand effectively limiting access to those only who can afford to pay for the commodity.In this scenario, however, unlike in the case of sugar above where the price reverts to Pe, it is possible that this could lead to an increase in equilibrium price and a reduction in equilibrium quantity. This means that with scarcity, there is an opportunity to make more by producing less.This principle suggests that humans will consider a scarce commodity to be more valuable as compared to one that is in abundance.It thus creates a sense of urgency and triggers consumers to act immediately before the commodity is no longer available.For example, when British Airways in 2003 announced the reduction of London-New York flights from twice daily to only one for the Concorde after it became unprofitable to run, sales took off the very next day.THE PSYCHOLOG Y OF SCARCITY MARKETINGIt can be argued that to some extent we generally want something that we cannot have and we absolutely love to flaunt when we have something that others don’t have.As a marketer, you can take advantage of this desire as a sales tactic to stimulate demand and sales through mystic and enticement.Rather than just stopping at communicating the value and benefits customers will get from buying your product or choosing your service, it is important to put across your unique proposition and make it clear what is at stake for them if they do not consider your proposal.Faced with scarcity, customers conduct their own cost-benefit analysis and as a marketer, you will only be successful if they find that the utility derived from purchasing the product or service at the given moment is greater than what they would get if they purchased the same product at a later date, probably even at a cheaper price.The consumer must be able to see the benefit of obtaining the product is higher than the cost incurred for obtaining it.In a 1975 study published by the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researchers Worchel Stephen, Lee Jerry  and Adewole Akanbi wanted to know how undergraduate students would value the same cookies in two identical jars if different quantities were put in them.The students valued the one in the near-empty jar more highly than the ones in the full jar despite the cookies and the jars being identical.Given hypothetical explanations for the abundance or scarcity of the cookies in the jars, students viewed those that changed from abundant to scarce as more valuable than those that were constantly scarce.Cookies that were scarce because of high demand were rated to be more valuable than those that were scarce because of an accident.Those that were constantly abundant were rated much higher than those that started scarce but later became abundant.It goes to show that scarcity, especially that resulting from high demand rather t han low production, may signal some superior characteristic about the product.The consumer thinks that other people must know something about the product that he/she does not.There are two psychology principles associated with this phenomenon.Social proof â€" the assumption that surrounding people have more knowledge about the situation than oneself and as such a fast-selling commodity is seen by the consumer as having great quality.Commitment â€" when someone has already committed themselves to purchase a product or service and find out there is a huge chance of not having it, it makes them want it more.The rush to purchase a scarce object is a manifestation of Psychologist Daniel Kahneman’s Loss Aversion Theory based on research that suggests the pain of losing something is psychologically almost about as twice as powerful as the pleasure of gaining the same thing.This is tied up with Sigmund Freud’s Pleasure Principle â€" people’s instinctive tendency of seeking pleasure an d avoiding pain for biological and psychological gains.SUCCESSFUL UTILISATION OF THE SCARCITY PRINCIPLESo how has this principle been deployed by brands over the years?To illustrate how effective incorporating the scarcity principle in marketing your product or service, we take a look at some of the most successful deployments of scarcity in marketing.Snapchat SpectaclesIn September 2016, the social media app’s parent company Snap Inc., launched Snapchat Spectacles â€" sunglasses that could record 10-second videos from the perspective of the wearer.Instead of typically distributing them via their online shop or at stores, Snap Inc. unveiled the new product at Snapbots â€" smiley Snapchat-themed vending machines that were randomly placed in cities across the US.This was without prior announcement of the launch generating huge interest online as bloggers and social media influencers kept talking about the unique strategy.The device was only available on the single day the Snapbot wa s in your city, attracting huge queues of people trying to beat each other before the machine ran out.MediaKix projects that by 2020, Snapchat Spectacles will achieve $5 Billion in salesPappy Van WinkleRegarded as one of the finest bourbons in the world, Pappy Van Winkle is the dream for the whiskey connoisseur.With only 7000 cases produced in a year, whiskey lovers have to part with hundreds of dollars a bottle from the few liquor stores that might be lucky to have purchased a few from the very limited number of suppliers.Due to its high demand, bourbon aficionados  are known to show up in droves for the small chance of buying one in a lottery or auction.NintendoWhen Japan-based video game company, Nintendo launched the Wii gaming console back in 2006 it was a smashing success, save for the fact that for the next three years the company seemed never able to stock enough units for the US market.This was a deliberate move to artificially create intense demand by starting off with a l ow production number ensuring customers would be clamouring to buy a Wii right off the bat.Wii sold more units in the US than the  Xbox 360  and  PlayStation 3  combined in the first half of 2007 and became the fastest selling console in Australian history and in the United Kingdom at the time.StarbucksJumping on the 2017 trend of highly Instragrammable unicorn-themed, rainbow-hued food and beverages, Starbucks introduced a pinkish-purple-and-blue coffee-free fruity drink called the ‘Unicorn Frappuccino’ stating it would be available for a few days.Starbucks was flooded with orders with the drink selling out on the first day with over 160,000 #UnicornFrappuccino posts on Instagram.Another successful scarcity marketing campaign executed by Starbucks was the serving of coffee in reusable #RedCups for one day only during the December holiday season which also ran out first angering customers who were forced to drive around to find a store that still had them in stock.Users would ge t $0.5 off every purchase with the cup available for $2 from the day after.SCARCITY TECHNIQUESAs we have observed in the above examples, the principle can typically be used in two broad ways;Limited number: The item is in short supply and once it runs out it will not be available.Limited time (deadline): The item or service is only available only during the stated period only.Limited-Number TechniquesOut of StockA classic example of the social proof psychological principle, if a product runs out of stock frequently, customers think that it is popular among the general population and must therefore be of good quality.For example, British shirtmaker T.M. Lewin online store indicates the design, size and cut of the shirts that are currently out of stock.A customer is then encouraged to leave their email address to be informed when they restock.Only ‘X’ LeftAs in the cookie jar experiment where a reduction in the cookies led to a higher rating of perceived quality, when you visit ap plications or websites involving booking of hotels, movies and events, you might have noticed a disclaimer that there are only a limited number of spaces remaining.This pushes the consumers to make an immediate purchase.You may have an experience of missing out on a hotel or flight because you waited a few days to book.Booking.com for example heightens the urgency of making an immediate booking by displaying people simultaneously viewing the same hotel with you and the number of times it has been booked in the last hour.Invite-OnlySpotify’s entry into the US Market after a huge popularity in Europe came as an opportunity to increase their paid membership by limiting entry to the free service to invite-only.You have to choose either between waiting for an invite or paying for unlimited or premium service.Smartphone brand OnePlus used a similar strategy to add hype and mystique during launch and to manage demand, selling nearly a million phones from over 25 million invites to their website in the first year without opening a single store.This technique appeals to our innate attraction to exclusivity and the Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) best illustrated in Steve Whyley’s social experiment with the 11K Club â€" a mysterious club with only 11,000 slots and one exceptional benefit which you’d only know by joining.For Limited UsersSimilar to the invite-only tactic, marketers can sometimes introduce special offers for certain users only. This creates a sense of longing for those missing out and superiority for that special category of users.This will typically occur in services with a tier of users such as football club or cinema membership where tickets can be availed first to the top ranked members cascading to the lowest and general public.For technology products, paid-up users may take advantage of discounts or pre-releases, while free users have to upgrade to enjoy the same.Limited Edition As we have seen with some of the examples above, limited stock doesn†™t necessarily have to be a product of high demand, it can be a deliberate sales strategy.Remember when Adidas debuted Kanye West’s Yeezy Boost 350 in 2015?They were completely sold out within minutes of being available for purchase online.The air of exclusivity attributed to limited edition articles such as watches, leather bags etc. taps into our inherent desire to stand out and acquire status symbols that others don’t have.Deadline (Limited-Time) TechniquesFlash SalesA flash sale is a discount or a type of promotion where the cost of purchase is greatly reduced than run-of-the-mill discounts, lasting for only a short period of time.The quantity may be limited as in end of year sales which coupled up with the very low prices triggers the urgency of making an immediate purchase or more accurately, impulse buying.Even when the product may be available at a later date with little difference in price, the term ‘flash sale’ emblazoned on storefronts or at the landing page of th e online store triggers similar urgency.Purchase CountdownsA retailer can define the scarcity parameters on an e-commerce website by putting a timer or countdown.The customer is now well aware of how much time is left for them to make a decision and with it comes urgency.On eBay, for instance, a countdown timer is used to ignite last-minute bidding wars amongst prospective buyers effective driving up the price tag of a scarce item.A majority of websites have a checkout timer to encourage the user to make a purchase as soon as their basket is full rather than later.Sale Price CountdownA countdown timer can also be deployed to emphasize the amount of time left before a product is no longer available at the discounted price.TigerDirect.com, for example, place a massive countdown timer in addition to their daily sales to trigger a FOMO for the deal of the day which would appear to not be available any time soon after the expiry.Limited Time Shipping When Girlfriend Collective launched i ts website in 2016, the brand offered its social media followers a free $100 pair of leggings for the cost of shipping for a limited time and sharing the link to its website on Facebook to spread the word.They effectively utilised word-of-mouth to drive traffic to the website.A countdown can also be leveraged in the context of free or next-day shipping as normally used on Amazon to notify the customer the exact time remaining for the seller to guarantee timely shipping spurring the customer to make a purchase.Seasonal SpecialsThe holidays seasons don’t last forever and as such when customers see holiday/seasonal offers they do see scarcity which drives sales.Some retailers such as Modcloth create special designs available only during the specific holiday such as Christmas sweaters, Starbucks sells pumpkin spice flavoured drinks only in the fall and for a premium too!CAUTION: WHAT TO CONSIDERInvoking the Scarcity Principle to sell or promote a promote a product or service can be a very effective persuasion strategy, but it can also backfire horribly as it did for two iOS productivity apps Tempo and Mailbox that released their services to a small group of users similar to Facebook’s fashion but kept others waiting indefinitely.If you overuse scarcity, it will be a matter of time before your customers catch on after realising you are ‘running out of stock’ every week or hosting flash sales every too often.Remember what the findings of the cookie jar experiment taught us; a product that is scarce because of high demand and not accident or what we could call artificial sales is rated higher in terms of perceived quality.This is as compared to items that are consistently scarce from the beginning or those that started off scarce and now are abundant with the latter actually decreasing its perceived value.In a study published on the Social Behaviour and Personality Journal, researchers found that when consumers interpreted scarcity claims as a sales tactic, i t’s positive on consumer purchase decision are diluted.In line with the cookie jar experiment, Aggarwal, Jun and Huh in a 2013 article on the Journal of Advertising observed that limited-quantity messages are more effective than limited-time messages in influencing consumers purchase intentions.It is important to note that scarcity alone will not net you your desired sales levels alone, it has to be used in combination with other factors including a great, well-differentiated product design and a proper market assessment.One important consideration is the knowledge you have about your target audience.Can they get by with alternatives?If this is a possibility, what unique feature does your product or service have?Would your customers be motivated by scarcity or could they resent it?WRAPPING UPAccording to the scarcity people, people will ascribe greater value to an item that is in short supply and lesser value to an item that is in abundant supply.As a marketer, you can take advant age of the scarcity principle to drive the sales of your products by creating artificial scarcity.When doing this, however, it is important to make your artificial scarcity seem authentic, else customers will see through your games and perceive your products as less valuable.

SAT Test Secrets For A Higher Score

Curious about SAT test secrets you can use to give your SAT score that extra boost? Read on to find out lesser-known tips for how to perform well on test day and wow all of the colleges on your list. Secret #1: Retaking the test is a good thing. Take the test as many times as you think you need to. Don’t be ashamed to retake it, because that’s how you’ll get the best possible score. Over time, you learn from your mistakes and figure out what you should have done differently. Secret #2: Guess if you need to. On the new SAT, there are no points off for wrong answers. If you have no idea how to answer a question, don’t leave it blank. Take a guess! Secret #3: Answer the easiest questions first. Before answering any questions, skim through to figure out which ones are easiest. Answer those first to ensure you get those easy points. Afterward, move on to the harder questions. Secret #4: Mental and physical wellness are necessary for a great score. Your mental and physical wellness is just as important as your test preparation. If you’re tired or hungry while taking the test, you won’t be doing your best. Take care of yourself. Eating a healthy breakfast on the morning of the SAT is one of the smartest decisions you can make. Secret #5: The more practice tests, the better. The more practice tests you take, the more you’ll get used to the content on the test. The format is standardized, so learn it well and get accustomed to it. Practice tests also help if you simulate the physical conditions of taking the test. Test day will feel more familiar and less stressful. Secret #6: Manage your time. One of the most important parts of getting a good score is managing your time. Don’t dwell too long on any one question. If you’re unsure, circle it and come back if you have time at the end. Also, make use of all the time given to you. Don’t leave early. Instead, use that extra time to check over your work. This will give you the upper hand over all of the students that don’t utilize all of their time. Secret #7: SAT scores do not equal intelligence. Everyone seems to think that high SAT scores equate intelligence, while low SAT scores equate lack of it. This is not the case. The test doesn’t measure critical thinking abilities. Your test taking skills often play a much larger role in your score than your knowledge. So your SAT score definitely should not determine how you view your own intelligence.

Factors that Contribute to Income Inequality - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 826 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Finance Essay Level High school Tags: Income Inequality Essay Did you like this example? Abstract This paper aims to take a deep, analytical dive into the factors that contribute to income inequality. Inequality has been a major issue across the world for centuries and has continued to puzzle economists with some reaching the conclusion that it is an inevitable by-product of a free market. Growing inequality in the last few decades has fueled various policy debates around possible solutions to this issue affecting millions of people. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Factors that Contribute to Income Inequality" essay for you Create order The Gini is a reliable measure of inequality developed by Italian statistician Corrado Gini and it ranges between both extremes represented by 0 and 1; with 0 being perfect equality and 1 being total inequality. With a score of 0.41, the United States, for example, is considered to be moderately unequal compared to the rest of the world. Several factors are thought to cause inequality in a particular economy such as tax policies and public education; but this paper seeks to understand the correlation between income inequality and the average life expectancy of a population. The purpose of this research is to be able to identify policy directions that countries can take in order to reduce income inequality. Introduction All governments are faced with the challenge of distributing income in an equitable way; as a means to reduce inequality. Virtually every country has an issue with income disparity, with some being more adversely affected than others. Some have argued that inequality is not entirely bad as it increases welfare for most citizens, however, the consensus seems to be that less inequality is the ideal state of any economy. The question of income inequality is more than just a moral one with several studies pointing to economic benefits brought about by higher wages for working class people. The argument is that high wages for the low and middle class families has a positive effect on consumption and aggregate demand in an economy. There is a positive direct correlation between reduced inequality and GDP growth which and this gives governments all the more reason to find an optimal strategy for income redistribution. Progressive taxes, for example, ensure that wealthy individuals pay a hig her proportion of their income in taxes which means that less of the burden is placed on poor and working class families. Some have however cited the economic benefits of reducing taxes for the wealthy, arguing that it stimulates job growth by creating an enabling environment for business to thrive. Capital, they argue, is attracted by this low tax environment, which means employers are able to create more business opportunities and thus hire more people. A good example of this is the debate on minimum wage that has had some of the largest corporations facing criticism over their hiring practices. Some large corporations have even threatened to replace some of this labor using technology, claiming that higher wages are punitive to business. This paper, however, focuses on the relationship between age and inequality in an economy. The hypothesis makes the assumption that a higher life expectancy means less inequality for any given country holding all other factors constant. This allows for solutions around health, education and family planning, which could go a long way into reducing inequality for some of the worst hit countries. Literature review Most of the literature around the subject of inequality seeks to find the root causes and focuses mostly on the quantifiable economic components of the problem. Data The Gini coefficient is one of the key variables used for this research as well as factors affecting life expectancy data. The initial data set, as shown below, has been gotten from the CIA website which breaks down several countries income statistics. Lesotho 63.2 South Africa 62.5 Micronesia, Federated States of 61.1 Haiti 60.8 Botswana 60.5 Namibia 59.7 Zambia 57.5 Comoros 55.9 Hong Kong 53.9 Guatemala 53.0 Paraguay 51.7 Colombia 51.1 Papua New Guinea 50.9 Panama 50.7 Chile 50.5 Rwanda 50.4 Eswatini 50.4 Gambia, The 50.2 Brazil 49.0 Congo, Republic of the 48.9 Nigeria 48.8 Costa Rica 48.5 Kenya 48.5 Mexico 48.2 Dominican Republic 47.1 Nicaragua 47.1 Honduras 47.1 Bolivia 47.0 China 46.5 Malaysia 46.2 Malawi 46.1 Togo 46.0 South Sudan 46.0 Ecuador 45.9 Singapore 45.9 Saudi Arabia 45.9 Mozambique 45.6 Peru 45.3 United States 45.0 Cameroon 44.6 Guyana 44.6 Thailand 44.5 Iran 44.5 Philippines 44.4 Central African Republic 43.6 Chad 43.3 Zimbabwe 43.2 Israel 42.8 Angola 42.7 Burundi 42.4 Ghana 42.3 Gabon 42.2 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 42.1 Argentina 41.7 Uruguay 41.6 Cote dIvoire 41.5 Russia 41.2 Madagascar 41.0 Morocco 40.9 Djibouti 40.9 Turkmenistan 40.8 Senegal 40.3 Turkey 40.2 Bulgaria 40.2 Georgia 40.1 Mali 40.1 Tunisia 40.0 Jordan 39.7 Uganda 39.5 Burkina Faso 39.5 Guinea 39.4 Sri Lanka 39.2 Venezuela 39.0 Bhutan 38.8 Serbia 38.7 Maldives 38.4 Cambodia 37.9 Japan 37.9 Yemen 37.9 Lithuania 37.9 Tanzania 37.6 Mauritania 37.0 Indonesia 36.8 Uzbekistan 36.8 Greece 36.7 Laos 36.7 Benin 36.5 New Zealand 36.2 El Salvador 36.0 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 36.0 Mauritius 35.9 Spain 35.9 Korea, South 35.7 Algeria 35.3 India 35.2 Jamaica 35.0 Macau 35.0 Vietnam 34.8 Estonia 34.8 Cyprus 34.8 West Bank 34.5 Latvia 34.5 Sierra Leone 34.0 Niger 34.0 Mongolia 34.0 Greenland 33.9 Portugal 33.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 33.8 Azerbaijan 33.7 Macedonia 33.7 Taiwan 33.6 Kyrgyzstan 33.4 Ethiopia 33.0 Nepal 32.8 Tajikistan 32.6 United Kingdom 32.4 Canada 32.1 Bangladesh 32.1 Liberia 32.0 Montenegro 31.9 Italy 31.9 Timor-Leste 31.9 Egypt 31.8 Armenia 31.5 Ireland 31.3 Poland 30.8 European Union 30.8 Sao Tome and Principe 30.8 Croatia 30.8 Pakistan 30.7 Austria 30.5 Luxembourg 30.4 Netherlands 30.3 Australia 30.3 Switzerland 29.5 France 29.3 Denmark 29.0 Albania 29.0 Hungary 28.2 Malta 28.1 Iceland 28.0 Romania 27.3 Finland 27.2 Germany 27.0 Moldova 26.8 Norway 26.8 Belarus 26.5 Kazakhstan 26.3 Belgium 25.9 Ukraine 25.5 Czechia 25.0 Sweden 24.9 Slovenia 24.4 Slovakia 23.7 Kosovo 23.2 Faroe Islands 22.7 Random sampling The data used in this research qualifies as a random assumption as it uses 20 countries from the list of 157 with regards to life expectancy data.

Extemporaneous speech on Steve Job and his legacy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 956 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2018/12/17 Category Business Essay Type Speech Level High school Tags: Apple Inc Essay Steve Jobs Essay Did you like this example? I am (insert name) and I will be giving a speech on Steve Jobs and his legacy. The reason behind choosing this topic is because, Steve Jobs is an impactful name not only in the U.S. but worldwide. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Extemporaneous speech on Steve Job and his legacy" essay for you Create order Furthermore, through him jobs have been created, creativity enhanced and trade links widened. Steve Jobs died on the eleventh day of October, 2011 and he was born on the twenty-fourth day of February 1955 There are several titles that can describe him some of them are inventor, industrial engineer, entrepreneur and business magnate. He is famous for his Apple products that have circulated the world (Moses, 2011). Steve Jobs is the co-founder and was the Chief Executive Officer as well as chairman of Apple Inc. Apart from being involved with Apple Inc., Steve Jobs was also the founder and chairperson of NeXT as well as major shareholder and CEO of Pixar. His contribution to the economy of the U.S and technology has revolutionized many technological sectors and the Apple products. Moreover, the products are a competitive technology in the global market today. His legacy left at Apple Inc. is one of the most extraordinary accomplishments of Jobs (Dormehl, 2017). His vision and legacy in the technology lives on six years after his death. Apple Inc. is a U.S. based global technology company whose headquarters is in Cupertino, California. The company specializes in designing, developing and selling customer electronics, online services and computer software. Some of the popular hardware products the company manufactures are smartphones commonly known as iPhones, Mac book which is in the category of Personal Computer category, other electronics such as Apple digital television, Apple smart watches, iPods and smart speakers called HomePods (Dormehl, 2017). Other than hardware, the company designs software such as iTunes media players which carries out all downloads on the companys hardware, Safari Web browser, operating systems called iOS and macOS. The software has been integrated into different aspect of life which displays the creativity level of the company and the diversification of its services and products. This is seen through iWork as well as iLife that is present in the productivity and inventiveness suites. Furthermore, in connection to diversity, the company has famous online services like iCloud, Apple Music, iOS application store, Mac application store and iTunes store (Dormehl 2017). Therefore, with the hardware and software products that are mentioned above, the company has been and still is a powerful competitor in the technology business. The significance of his legacy to the U.S. and the world The significant aspect about Jobs legacy is that it transverse borders to reach millions of peoples and impacted on different nations and their economies. Apple Inc. has several branches spread in different nations and has managed to provide employment opportunities to approximately 123,000 individuals (Goel, 2016). In general, it sparked several innovation ideas in the technology industries. The company and its product managed to keep competitors on their toes to better their products or lose their consumers to Apple Inc. Furthermore, through sparking technology competitiveness and making huge sales in the global market, the company has benefited the U.S. economy especially during the past recession period (Bajarin 2012). His resignation to support his legacy In 2004, Steve Jobs made an announcement to the workers at Apple Inc. on his medical condition after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. He did undergo complicated surgical procedures to boost his health through having whipple procedure. In attempts to treat the disease and take proper care of himself, he took numerous leaves of absence in the subsequent years which includes 2009 to undergo liver transplant surgery. While on his leaves, Tim Cook acted as the acting CEO of Apple Inc. and assumed all Jobs responsibilities. When the illness progressed, Steve Jobs saw it fit to resign from his duty as the CEO of Apple Inc. This was done on 24th August 2011. Other than his health issues, his main aim of resigning were well captured by his resignation speech where he showed his efforts to see his legacy live on beyond him. In his speech he pointed out his first sentiments that he would willingly resign if faced with a situation that prevents him from fulfilling his duties as CEO of A pple Inc. and failure to meet crucial objectives of the company. He stepped down and offered to serve the company and its vision in the position of an employee and as the chairperson of the board in regards to the decision the board makes. His resignation led to Tim Cook becoming the next CEO of Apple Inc (Moses, 2011). Conclusion The name Steve Jobs cannot be separated from Apple Inc. and its product. Steve Jobs has been an influential figure in the technology sector and plays a role in the high-quality telecommunication and multimedia gadgets as well as innovative software that are present in the world today. His greatest achievement which is his legacy still lives on even after his death. The hardware like iPhones and software such as iOS as well as online services like iCloud form part of his legacy. During the course of his life he tirelessly worked to ensure his legacy serve the consumers needs to the best of his ability and when he could not fulfill due to illness, he resigned and continued serving as an employee. Furthermore, his legacy has served as a great contributor to the U.S. nations economy. Reference Ben Bajarin. Big Picture: Why America needs Apple? Published by Times, 2012. Dormehl, Luke. Today in Apple history: Apple becomes a corporation. Cult of Mac. Published on 2017. Goel, Vindu. How Apple Empowers, and Employs, the American Working Class. The New York Times. Published on 20th November, 2016. Moses, Asher. Who was Steve Jobs the man? The Age. Melbourne. Published on October 7, 2011.

Skepticism Essays - 1139 Words

Skepticism Skepticism is the Western philosophical tradition that maintains that human beings can never arrive at any kind of certain knowledge. Originating in Greece in the middle of the fourth century BC, skepticism and its derivatives are based on the following principles: There is no such thing as certainty in human knowledge. All human knowledge is only probably true, that is, true most of the time, or not true. Several non-Western cultures have skeptical traditions, particularly Buddhist philosophy, but properly speaking, skepticism refers only to a Greek philosophical tradition and its Greek, Roman, and European derivatives. The school of Skeptic philosophers were called the Skeptikoi in Greece. The word is†¦show more content†¦While Socrates never claimed that knowledge is impossible, still, at his death, he never claimed to have discovered any piece of knowledge whatsoever. After its introduction into Greek culture at the end of the fourth century BC, skepticism influenced nearly all other Greek philosophies. Both Hellenistic and Roman philosophies took it as a given that certain knowledge was impossible; the focus of Greek and Roman philosophy, then, turned to probable knowledge, that is, knowledge that is true most of the time. Christianity, however, introduced a dilemma into Greek and Roman philosophies that were primarily based on skeptical principles. In many ways, the philosophy of Christianity, which insisted on an absolute knowledge of the divine and of ethics, did not fit the Greek and Roman skeptical emphasis on probable knowledge. Paul of Tarsus, one of the original founders of Christianity, answered this question simply: the knowledge of the Romans and Greeks, that is, human knowledge, is the knowledge of fools. Knowledge that rejects human reasoning, which, after all, leads to skepticism, is the knowledge of the wise. Christianity at its inception, then, had a strong anti-rational perspective. This did not, however, make the skeptical problem go away. Much of the history of early Christian philosophy is an attempt to paste Greek and Roman philosophical methods and questions ontoShow MoreRelatedSkepticism in the Modern World686 Words   |  3 Pages Philosophical skepticism, according to Scottish philosopher David Hume, is asking whether human beings can perceive the world around us with any degree of accuracy. Practicing this school of thought means that a person initially never believes anything to be true, but at the same time, does not say everything is necessarily false; instead, he maintains a position of doubt. The final source of truth for a skeptic is experience. In terms of skepticism vs. rationalism vs. romanticism and theirRead MorePhilosophers and Epistemological Skepticism1245 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract People wonder how they, and others, know what they know. There is a skepticism about accepting that there are inherent pieces of knowledge that people simply possess, that there is no such thing as true knowledge because it is so personal, that there is no way to prove what is truly right or wrong. This paper considers the views of Chuang Tzu and Roderick Chisholm, how their ideas should be researched further in order for leaders to address sharing knowledge with their followers. ScholarsRead MoreSkepticism About a Refutation of Skepticism Essay2838 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"Skepticism about a Refutation of Skepticism† In â€Å"The Refutation of Skepticism†, Jonathan Vogel establishes an â€Å"Inference to the Best Explanation† (hereafter, â€Å"IBE†) as a means to refute skepticism about the external world. In this refutation, Vogel acknowledges that skepticism about IBE still remains a possibility, but that this kind of skepticism would be rather outlandish in character and thus could be ignored. This paper shall both establish and evaluate Vogel’s reasoning as to why he confidentlyRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Pessimism And Skepticism1328 Words   |  6 Pagesthink we know, also known as skepticism. In this paper I will argue that skepticism is the best way to know things for certain because it acknowledges the presence of cognitive dissonance, self-justification and the things we can learn by questioning. I will proceed as follows: I will outline the concepts of skepticism, according to Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson, and the concepts of rationalism, according to Ren à © Descartes. Then, I will compare rationalism and skepticism by explaining how challengingRead MoreDescartes, Hume and Skepticism Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesDescartes, Hume and Skepticism Descartes is responsible for the skepticism that has been labeled Cartesian doubt. Hume critiques this skepticism in his Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. After his discussion of Cartesian doubt, he offers a different type of skepticism that he considers as being more effective philosophically. Is Hume right in his characterization of Cartesian doubt and is the skepticism he offers better? Descartes introduced the idea of universal doubt to philosophy. IfRead MoreThe Classical Version Of Skepticism1218 Words   |  5 PagesSkepticism is a method of equal and opposite arguments that has been used to investigate truth. It is believed that nothing should be assumed true without enough evidence. In the world of skepticism, all conclusions are premature. The classical version in skepticism is called Pyrrhonism. It was named after an early advocate known as Pyrrho (365 BCE – 270 BCE) became so frustrated between two arguments, not being able to choose which to follow due to reasonable views on both side, and decided to makeRead MoreOn Epistemology and Skepticism Essay1687 Words   |  7 Pagesthat what we determine to be acknowledged as â€Å"knowledge† must present justification in order to be accepted believed as knowledge. This is important because Skepticism doubts the validation of knowledge and how we come to any such conclusion of justifying what we â€Å"know† indubitably as knowledge. This is the overarching problem with skepticism. Instead of having a solid stance on how to define knowledge, skeptics simply doubt that a reason or proposition offered is correct and suppose it to be falseRead MoreSkepticism On The Search For The Truth Of Our Knowledge1936 Words   |  8 Pages Skepticism in the Search for the Truth of Our Knowledge How many times have you said, â€Å"No way, I do not believe it!† It is our natural tendency not to believe in something that we have not seen with our own eyes or experienced it personally. There is a saying, â€Å"seeing is believing† which has led us to a world full of skeptics. We want proof so we are not gullible fools. Skepticism, or scepticism, as it was spelled back in the ancient times, was pondered by philosophers who tried unsuccessfullyRead MoreIs Global Skepticism Justified? Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesIs Global Skepticism Justified? Introduction Skepticism is something that we all have to one degree or another. Some of us who carry some Limited (Local) Skepticism might question whether we can really know if the news anchor is giving us correct information or if the five day forecast is really on track this time regarding the rain it is predicting. Others subscribe to the Global Skepticism view; that is, they would argue that we cannot know anything at all, and, therefore, we can’t have knowledgeRead MoreThe Argument Of Skepticism Is All About1495 Words   |  6 PagesMaryam Quraishi Professor Leon Philosophy 101 August 9, 2016 Skepticism In this paper, I will first discuss what the basic argument of skepticism is all about, then I will provide the defense of the argument: the three cases (Judy/Trudy Case, Crow/Raven and Coke/ Generic Coke case). After that, I will talk about the responses to the argument, specifically about the criticisms from Descartes and Moore; how Moore feels that perceptual evidence is enough and we can reject premise 1 and how descartes

Ethics and Government - 2590 Words

Ethics and Government Angela M. Roberson SOC 120: Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Professor Kay Green May 30, 2010 Ethics is defined as a set of principles of right conduct. It is also a theory or a system of moral values (Merriman/Webster online dictionary). Government Ethics is often times referred to an oxy-moron. The reason for this is that many believe that our government does not have ethics in decision making. In this paper I will attempt to analyze the links between laws and ethics and how they have a relationship with one another. I will also explain how our government and ethics have a connection and how this connection can be made better. In recent months there have been several government issues going.†¦show more content†¦The second requirement for in issue to be an applied ethical issue is that it must be a moral issue. Sensitive issues like affirmative action, don’t ask don’t tell, health care reform and energy conservation are controversial and have an important impact on society. Fieser refers to some of these issues as issues of social policy. His d efinition of social policy is to help make a given society run efficiently by devising conventions, such as traffic laws, tax laws, and zoning codes. As for moral issues, he stated that it concerns more universally obligatory practices, such as our duty to avoid lying, and are not confined to individual societies. One example that he brought up was, â€Å"some social policies forbid residents in certain neighborhoods from having yard sales. But, so long as the neighbors are not offended, there is nothing immoral in itself about a resident having a yard sale in one of these neighborhoods.† Therefore, to qualify as an applied ethical issue, the issue must be more than one of mere social policy: it must be morally relevant as well (Fieser, 2006). The ethical process helps to explore the reasons for different positions, and to evaluate them by ethical standards. The process provides opportunities for mutual understanding and learning. By integrating the more traditionalShow Mor eRelatedThe Separation Of Ethics And Government1819 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Ethics is the manner by which we try to live our lives according to a standard of right or wrong† (Ghillyer). And government ethics is â€Å"the application of ethical rules to government† (Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.). The separation of ethics and government was seen with the unraveling of Hurricane Katrina, which was a category 4 hurricane that made landfall in New Orleans on August 29, 2005. New Orleans, Louisiana was a racially segregated city occupied predominately by a black majority and had defiedRead MoreEthics in the Federal Government2761 Words   |  12 PagesAre Ethics Laws in the Federal Government a Violation of Constitutional Rights? Abstract The paper explores the United States Government’s efforts to put in place laws that guide the ethical behavior of its civil service employees. From the founding of the nation, ensuring ethical behavior by government employees has been a recurring theme, and legislation, laws, and executive orders have been implemented at each stage of our government’s growth to guide federal employees in the ethicalRead MoreEthics and Government Spending599 Words   |  2 PagesEthics and Government Spending In responding to the scenario wherein the City Commissioner is faced with the dilemma of approving the expense for a proposed annual Halloween Party among the committee staff and members, it is important to first have an understanding of the role that the City Commissioner plays as a public servant. This is to determine if indeed, as a City Commissioner can consider the situation s/he is as an ethical dilemma that conflicts with the accountability that his/her positionRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Indian Government959 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States has banned tobacco advertising for sporting events. The Indian government had enacted an initiative to ban tobacco advertising in sporting events in 2001 to help curb the appeal of tobacco use in minors. The ethical ramifications of the Indian government within this proposed ban had both support and opponents within the country. Below we will strive to determine the ethical issues of the Indian governments proposed bill, and how it was portrayed by both those opposing and supportingRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Texas Government1788 Words   |  8 PagesAfter examining the power one lobbyist can have in the Texas government, it is appropriate to look at the enormity of what a corporation who specializes in lobbying efforts is capable of. The company being examined is called Cassidy and Associates. Cassidy came into the forefront of Texas politics, when in 2006 Carol Strayhorn, the comptroller announced the state of Texas would be suspending payments to a Washington lobbying firm hired by Rick Perry, called Cassidy and Associates (Zeller 2006)Read MoreContracting Ethics in Government Acquisitions1315 Words   |  5 PagesContracting ethics in government acquisitions Government acquisition is the process through which government agencies make purchases for all goods and services. To ensure that contracting ethics and morals are observed by all the agencies there is set of rules that are to be used by all agencies, this rules govern how purchase of goods and services will be done by all the federal agencies. Federal agencies are responsible for a large array of missions and goals, to achieve them all they useRead MoreGovernment, Regulation Business Ethics2112 Words   |  9 PagesGovernment, Regulation amp; Business Ethics The issue of business relations with government has increasingly become a key issue of business ethics. Some of the many questions raised are * Is it acceptable for corporations to use their considerable power tp shape government policy? * Is the government jeopardizing its role in protecting the public interest when politicians sit on the board of corporations? The government has a crucial role to play in establishing the ‘rules of the game’Read MoreGovernment, Regulation Business Ethics2121 Words   |  9 PagesGovernment, Regulation amp; Business Ethics The issue of business relations with government has increasingly become a key issue of business ethics. Some of the many questions raised are * Is it acceptable for corporations to use their considerable power tp shape government policy? * Is the government jeopardizing its role in protecting the public interest when politicians sit on the board of corporations? The government has a crucial role to play in establishing the ‘rules of the game’ byRead MoreThe Ethics Of A Government Intelligence Contract1752 Words   |  8 Pagessoftware, etc. Also included are, other similar technology corporations watching Oracle`s next steps, the Attorney General, government officials, Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S (United States) General Services Administration, The Document Foundation, and the European Union (EU). To handle an issue, Oracle had hired lobbyists to get a government intelligence contract. Institutions Institutions are the rules of the games in a society that shape the human interactions.Read MoreThe Ethics Of The Ut Student Government878 Words   |  4 Pagesoverwhelming issue in America as a whole, and there is no question that different perspectives have escalated within the last few years concerning, which is indeed, the â€Å"most democratic†. However, in terms of a govern election for the UT student government I believe proposal three is the most sound in creating the most democratic system in that it gives candidates the same chance in the election process and restricts the personal wealth of individual candidates. In proposal three candidates can only

Ap Gov Free Essays

string(495) " and why we need it †¢ Roots of American Government; Where did the ideas come from\? †¢ American political culture and the characteristics of American democracy †¢ Changing characteristics of the American people †¢ Ideology of the American public †¢ Current attitudes toward American government Chapter 2-The Constitution †¢ The origins of a new nation †¢ The first attempt at Government: the articles of Confederation †¢ The miracle at Philadelphia: Writing the Constitution †¢ The U\." AP UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS SYLLABUS: C (American Government: Continuity and Change. ) INTRODUCTION: Advanced Placement (AP) curriculum is designed to give students an analytical perspective on government and politics in the United States. Students will study both general concepts used to interpret U. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap Gov or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. politics and examine specific examples. The AP Government course requires students to learn facts and concepts and understand typical political processes. The course will require students to master historical and analytic skills, including; chronological and spatial thinking, historical research and interpretation. Students will evaluate viewpoints presented through major print and electronic media, understand statistical data and analyze trends related to significant political events. Emphasis is placed on applying problem-solving and critical-thinking skills, interpreting graphs and tables, organizing information, evaluating information, and communicating orally and in writing. The course aims to help the student to participate effectively and democratically in the American political society COURSE OBJECTIVES: This course explores the political theory and everyday practice that direct the daily operation of our government and shape our public policies. The express purpose of this course is to prepare students to take the AP Exam for U. S Government and Politics. The course is for all intents and purposes taught on a college level and it requires a substantial amount of reading and preparation for every class. The objectives of this course go beyond a basic analysis of how our government â€Å"works. † Students will develop a critical understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the American political system, as well as their rights and responsibilities as citizens. In addition to described content, the course will also work to refine important skills. They include analyzing data and writing and presenting written and oral arguments. In order to help students master the ability to write a good political science essay the course will concentrate on the instruction of several essential skills: †¢ Effective writing style The ability to make arguments †¢ The ability to evaluate critically and to compare scholarly works †¢ The ability to synthesize political science data †¢ The ability analyze, interpret, and respond to stimulus-based data including charts, graphs, cartoons, and quotes The course will cover a large amount of content. The study of American Governme nt is both historical and contemporary. Therefore, it is essential that students remain aware of what is happening in the world. It is suggested that regular reading of newspapers and news magazines as well as the regular viewing of news broadcasts be maintained throughout the course. COURSE STANDARDS: 1. Students explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U. S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy. 2. Students evaluate the scope and limits of civil rights and obligations as democratic citizens, the relationships among them, and how they are secured. 3. Students evaluate the fundamental values and principles of civil society (i. . , the autonomous sphere of voluntary personal, social, and economic relations that are not part of government), their interdependence, and the meaning and importance of those values and principles for a free society. 4. Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U. S. Constitution. 5. Students summarize landmark U. S. Supreme Court inter pretations of the Constitution and its amendments. 6. Students evaluate issues regarding national, state and local elective offices. 7. Students analyze and compare the powers and procedures of the national, state, and local governments. 8. Students evaluate the influence of the media on American political life. 9. Students analyze the origins, characteristics, and development of different political systems across time, with emphasis on the quest for political democracy, its advances, and its obstacles. 10. Students formulate questions about and defend their analyses of tensions within our constitutional democracy and the importance of maintaining a balance between the following concepts: ajority rule and individual rights; liberty and equality; state and national authority in a federal system; civil disobedience and the rule of law; freedom of the press and the right to a fair trial; the relationship of religion and government. TEXTBOOK: O’Connor, Karen, Sabato, Larry J. American Government: Continuity and Change 8th edition. Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2006. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS: Matthews, Chris . Hardball. How Politics is Played Told by one who Knows the Game. Free Press; 1st Touchstone Ed edition (November 2, 1999) Woll, Peter. American Government: Readings and Cases. Longman; 14th edition 2004. The Enduring Debate-Classic and Contemporary reader. C-Span in the classroom. Cnn. com/SPECIALREPORTS http://www. nytimes. com/learning/index. html – on-line current events quiz Primary Source Documents as selected by the instructor from the 100 Milestone Documents collection at the NARA website http://www. ourdocuments. gov/ Articles from: NY Times, Congressional Quarterly, Wall Street Journal, Christian Science Monitor and other sources Collegeboard. com/ap website and various test preparation books. Quia. com- flashcard activities for key terms in each chapter Yahoo. com/briefcase- PowerPoint presentations for each chapter Teacherweb. com – provides all assignments as documents for student downloads. Also provides essential links for informational research, etc. Access for this syllabus. Summer Reading: †¢ Select one book from list of current political viewpoints and issues with lit log. †¢ Collect 8 articles from Op/Ed section of various newspapers. †¢ Watch and write four reviews of political shows: Hardball, Meet the Press, Washington Journal, etc. †¢ Oral book report for chosen book. Unit I: Foundations of United States Government (8 Weeks) Objectives: What is the purpose of government? What was the founders’ view of the purpose of government and the role of the citizen in the American Republic? How does the Constitution underpin the U. S. government? What was the impact of the enlightenment thinkers on the development of the U. S. Constitution? In which ways did the framers deal with the following: pluralism, popular sovereignty, republican ideals and elite theory. Students will explore American political culture and characteristics of American democracy. Reading: Text: O’Connor-Foundations of Government Chapters 1-6 Chapter 1-The Political Landscape †¢ Origins of American Government: What it is and why we need it †¢ Roots of American Government; Where did the ideas come from? †¢ American political culture and the characteristics of American democracy †¢ Changing characteristics of the American people †¢ Ideology of the American public †¢ Current attitudes toward American government Chapter 2-The Constitution †¢ The origins of a new nation †¢ The first attempt at Government: the articles of Confederation †¢ The miracle at Philadelphia: Writing the Constitution †¢ The U. You read "Ap Gov" in category "Essay examples" S. Constitution The drive for ratification †¢ Methods of Amending the Constitution Chapter 3-Federalism †¢ The roots of the federal system: Governmental power under the constitution †¢ Federalism and the Marshall Court †¢ Dual Federalism: The Taney court, slavery, and the Civil War †¢ Cooperative Federalism: th e New Deal and the growth of national government †¢ New Federalism: returning power to the states. Chapter 4-State and Local Government †¢ The evolution of State and local governments †¢ State government †¢ Local government †¢ Grassroots power and politics †¢ Relations with Indian nations State and local finances Chapter 5-Civil Liberties †¢ The First Constitutional Amendments: the Bill of Rights †¢ First Amendment guarantees: Freedom of religion †¢ First Amendment guaranteed: freedom of speech, press, and assembly †¢ The Second Amendment: the right to keep and bear arms †¢ The right of criminal defendants †¢ The right to privacy Chapter 6-Civil Rights †¢ Slavery, abolition, and winning the right to vote, 1800-1890 †¢ The push for equality, 1890-1954 †¢ The Civil Rights Movement †¢ Other groups mobilize for rights †¢ Continuing controversies in civil rights. Assignments and Activities: Readings on Locke and Hobbes-internet sources The ACLU: Freedom Files-video segment AP United States Government and Politics; Origins of Constitutional Principles and Rights. Chapter 1 Canon, Coleman Mayer. Constructing the Government: The Founding of the Constitution Federalist Papers 10 51 Lanahan Reader; Alexis de Tocqueville: Democracy in America Learning About Rights and Responsibilities- Washington Post Shay’s Rebellion Can the People Be Trusted to Govern Themselves? PowerPoint: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Montisqueu PowerPoint: teacher-all chapters. Put on-line Constitutional Power Grab Constitutional Numbers Document-Based Activities-Due Process-Using the Internet to Study Civil Rights and Liberties/Miranda Rights. Canon: The Enduring Debate, Debating the Issues: Racial profiling and fighting Terrorism Standard Deviant Government: video Origins of government, types of government, monarchy, oligarchy, aristocracy, direct democracy, indirect democracy, Components of American Democracy, popular consent, popular sovereignty, majority rule, individualism, Socratic Seminar based on Woll reading Assessments: Chapter essays with short essays PowerPoint-Philosophers impacting development of the Constitution Government Treasure Hunt-online activity Citizenship Test Fish Bowl Activity-peer evaluation Federalist # 10 Writing Assignment Timed unit essay. Collegeboard rubric Cornell notes Unit II: Institutions of Government (7 weeks) Objectives: Students will understand the three major branches of government and how they are organized. They will also learn how they function as separate branches, controlled by a system of checks and balances. Students will understand the interdependency of these branches to stabilize the powers within each branch. Students will also be able to recognize the evolving government and how the U. S. Constitution has been interpreted to allow these changes. Reading: Text : O’Connor-The Constitution, Chapter 7-10 Chapter 7- Constitution †¢ The Constitution and the legislative branch of government †¢ How Congress is organized †¢ The members of congress †¢ How members make decisions †¢ The law-making function of congress †¢ Congress and the president †¢ Congress and the judiciary Chapter 8- The Presidency †¢ The roots of and rules governing the office of the President of the United States †¢ The constitutional powers of the president The development and expansion of presidential power †¢ The presidential establishment †¢ The president as policy maker †¢ Presidential leadership and the importance of public opinion Chapter 9-The Executive Branch and the Federal Bureaucracy †¢ The executive branch and the development of the federal bu reaucracy †¢ The modern bureaucracy †¢ How the bureaucracy works †¢ Making agencies accountable Chapter 10-The Judiciary †¢ The Constitution and the creation of the federal judiciary †¢ The American legal system †¢ The federal court system †¢ How federal court judges are selected †¢ The Supreme Court today Judicial philosophy and decision making †¢ Judicial policy making and implementation Additional Readings Resources: Advanced Placement: U. S. Government Politics, 2: Why Great Men Are Not Chosen President. Lanahan Readings. Pork: A Time-honored Tradition Lives On Canon. Enduring Debate. Checking and Balancing â€Å"All the President’s Men† PBS- Presidents series (segments from modern day presidents. ) PBS-Supreme Court Assignments and Activities: Cornell Notes-study guides for each chapter Creating a Bill/defending and promoting position State of the Union essay analysis. -video of speech -span or whitehouse. gov Essay- student selected case. Supreme Court Case Analyses Standard Deviant Video; all three branches C-span in the classroom: three branches of government Writing/debating a bill Supreme Court Justice report. Cornell notes/per chapters Survey: politicalcompass. org with evaluation Assessments: Unit II Essay Exam-Collegeboard rubric-timed response Essay. In response to the State of the Union Research: landmark Supreme Court case Multiple Choice Exam w/short essays Chapter tests with short essays. Cornell notes Unit III: The Electoral Process (8 weeks) Objectives: Students will analyze political parties with regard to the mechanisms that allow citizens to organize and communicate their interests and concerns. Students will focus is on the historical evolution of the US party system, the functions and structure of political parties, and the effects they have on the political process. Explore the historical evolution of the U. S. party system. Compare the functions and structures of political parties, and their effects on the political process. Reading: Text: O’Connor-Political Behavior, Chapter 11-16 Chapter 11- Public Opinion and Political Socialization What is public opinion †¢ Efforts to influence and measure public opinion †¢ How political socialization and other factors influencer opinion formation †¢ Why we form political opinions †¢ How public opinion is measured †¢ How polling and public opinion affect politicians, politics, and policy Chapter 12- Political Parties †¢ What is a political party? †¢ The evolution of American party democracy †¢ The function s of the American parties †¢ The basic structure of American political parties †¢ The party in government †¢ The modern transformation of party organization †¢ The party in the electorate Third-partyism Chapter 13 – Voting and Elections †¢ The purpose of elections †¢ Kinds of elections †¢ Presidential elections †¢ Congressional elections †¢ Voting behavior †¢ Reforming the electoral process Chapter 14 – The Campaign Process †¢ The structure of a campaign †¢ The media and campaigns †¢ Campaign finance †¢ Bringing it together: the 2004 presidential campaign and election Chapter 15 – The Media †¢ The evolution of journalism in the United States †¢ The U. S. Media today †¢ How the media cover politicians and government †¢ The media’s influence on the public †¢ The public’s perception of the med ia Government regulation of the electronic media Chapter 16 – Interest Groups †¢ What are interest groups? †¢ The roots and development of American interest groups †¢ What do interest groups do? †¢ What makes an interest group successful? Additional Readings and Resources: Hardball American Polity:Kurtzman-Spin Cycle-† â€Å"Outfoxed†-DVD Assignments and activities: Chapter reading Cornell Notes Hardball Dialectic Journal Nominations, Primaries, and Elections Simulation Socratic Seminar based on Hardball Survey: Political opinion Research any interest group/political power Unit Essay-timed writing-collegeboard rubric. Chapter tests with short essays. Cornell notes Assessments Chapter tests with short essays Unit essay: timed writing using Collegeboard rubric Propaganda PowerPoint project Chapter reading Cornell Notes Political Party website analysis/oral report The Living Room Candidate website campaign commercial analysis Political Party guest panel Socratic Seminar, Woll reading Unit IV: AP Review (4 weeks) Final dates to be determined In-class exercise: AP released exam multiple choice with immediate discussion and feedback regarding â€Å"why this answer? This will establish a diagnostic baseline for ongoing AP exam review. Students will Research/Write out Answers to 35 Previous U. S. Government Free Response Questions. Teacher Follow Up with Rubric/Answer; Discussion; Teacher Created Review Exercises. Current Event/AP Outline Matrix Practice Test-65 Question released M/C and Free Response essay Selected Topics: See Units of Study TEACHING STRATEG IES This is a large lecture course and, as such, the teaching strategies used focus on giving students opportunities to analyze and respond in class, to write mini-essays of 50 words or so reacting to provocative statements, and o do short role-play simulations. Instructions are given throughout the course on the following: †¢ Essay organization diagram for free-response questions †¢ Essay tasks for AP Exam free-response questions †¢ List of directive terms used in free-response questions †¢ Reminders for answering timed essay questions †¢ Essay frame †¢ Generic free-response scoring guidelines STUDENT EVALUATION Quizzes are given on the reading assignments. Occasional outside-of-class assignments may also count as daily grades. Test formats are objective (multiple choice), free-response questions (Essay Exams). Most objective tests consist of 60 to 65 multiple-choice questions and a 25-minute essay question, and are timed to approximate the time allowed on the AP Exam. Homework is accepted before students begin to take the unit exam. The homework consists of unit terms and/or outlines; questions about readings, notations, and/or assigned primary and secondary sources; charts that pertain to the unit and applicable historical maps, diagrams or political cartoons. Well-completed terms and course themes demonstrate a student’s effort and most students find this to be indispensable in maintaining a high grade point average. The unit exams are a requirement of the AP Government and Politics course. A final semester comprehensive exam for all material covered will be given at the end of the term. The AP Government and Politics exam is comprehensive, covering material from the entire semester. Students who are enrolled in the course are expected to take the AP United States Government Exam. Class time and after school reviews are held prior to the AP Exam. In addition, many students participate in informal study group review sessions. How to cite Ap Gov, Essay examples